Louis+XIV

Katherine Da Silva(:

 Louis XIV I. Louis XIV came to power after the death of Mazarin and was determined to be the sole ruler of France A. Created the Court of Versailles, setting the standard for monarchies and aristocracies all over Europe B. Believed in absolute monarchy i. Referred to himself as the “Sun King” a. The source of all life for his people C. Famous French writer, Voltaire titles 1661-1775 Europe the “Age of Louis XIV” D. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">The King’s court had 3 main purposes: <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">i. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Served as the King’s personal household <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">ii. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Location of central governmental machinery <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">iii. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Place of gathering for powerful subjects <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">II. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Louis removed high nobles and royal princes from policy-making roles in the royal council. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">A. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Replaced them with nobles from newer aristocratic families who were expected to be subservient to the king <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">B. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Jean-Baptiste Colbert (1619-1683) <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">i. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Replaced Secretary of Foreign Affairs, Nicholas Fouquet <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">ii. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">From bourgeois <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">iii. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Developed commerce, industry, and oversea colonies <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">C. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Marquis de Louvois controlled military matters <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">D. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Domination of ministers gave Louis control of the central policy-making machinery <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">E. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Traditional areas of monarchical power <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">i. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Formation of foreign policy <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">ii. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Making of war and peace <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">iii. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Assertion of secular power of crown against any religious authority <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">F. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">He usually worked through hereditary office holders <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">i. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Usually unreliable because they tempted to balance the king’s wishes with their own interests <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">G. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Louis used intendants as direct royal agents <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">i. Bribery was used to ensure king’s policies were executed
 * __<span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: "Constantia","serif";">The Reign of Louis XIV __ **

<span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">I. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">He did not want to allow protestants to practice their faith in largely Catholic France <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">A. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">First, he offered rewards for conversion <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">B. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Issued the Edict of Fontainebleau and revoked the Edict of Nantes <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">i. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Provided for destruction of Huguenot churches and the closing of their schools <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">ii. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Estimated 200,000 Huguenots left France for England, United Provinces, and German states <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">I. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Louis XIV converted a hunting lodge in Versailles, near Paris, into a chateau <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">A. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Residence of King, reception hall for state affairs, office building for members of government, and the home of royal officials and aristocratic courtiers <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">B. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Symbol of absolutism and power <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">C. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Nobles lowered themselves to servant-like jobs because it was the prerequisite to obtaining positions that only the king could grant <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">D. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Who sat where and on what at gatherings was highly regulated <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">I. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Louis XIV wanted to expand his kingdom and achieve military glory to match his nickname, the “Sun King” <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">A. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Dutch War – Louis invaded the Spanish Netherlands and Franche-Comte <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">i. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Triple Alliance <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">1. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Dutch <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">2. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">English <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">3. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Swedes <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">ii. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Made peace at Nimwegen <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">B. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Invaded the Holy Roman Empire <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">i. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Gradual annexation of provinces of Alsace and Lorraine and the city of Strasbourg <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">ii. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Creation of League of Augsburg <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">1. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Spain <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">2. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Holy Roman Emperor <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">3. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">United Provinces <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">4. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Sweden <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">5. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">England <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">iii. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Led to the War of the League of Augsburg <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">C. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">8 year struggle that brought famine and depression to France between Louis XV and the League of Augsburg <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">i. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Treaty of Ryswick allowed Louis to keep Strasbourg and part of Alsace <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">D. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Louis’ desire to be the successor to the Spanish throne started the War of the Spanish Succession <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">i. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Charles II – sickly and childless <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">1. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Left throne to Louis XIV’s son (Philip V)  <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">ii. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">War ended with the Peace of Utrecht in 1713 <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">1. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Stated that the thrones of Spain and France were to remain separated <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">iii. <span style="font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Spanish Netherlands, Milan, and Naples were given to Austria
 * __<span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Religious Policies __ **
 * __<span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: "Constantia","serif";">The Palace of Versailles __ **
 * __<span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: "Constantia","serif";">Wars of Louis XIV __ **

**Bibliography:** Steingrad, Elena. "Louis XIV - the Sun King." //Louis XIV//. N.p., 26 Nov. 2007. Web. 23 Apr. 2011. <http://www.louis-xiv.de/index.php?id=31>.